Indiscernibility of Identicals: Willard Van Orman Quine (June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000)
Willard Van Orman Quine – In his essay “From a Logical Point of View”, 1953
Willard Van Orman Quine (June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000) (known to intimates as “Van”)[1] was an American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition. From 1930 until his death 70 years later, Quine was continuously affiliated with Harvard University in one way or another, first as a student, then as a professor of philosophy and a teacher of mathematics, and finally as a professor emeritus who published or revised several books in retirement. He filled the Edgar Pierce Chair of Philosophy at Harvard from 1956 to 1978. A recent poll conducted among philosophers named Quine one of the five most important philosophers of the past two centuries.[2] He won the first Schock Prize in Logic and Philosophy in 1993, for “his systematical and penetrating discussions of how learning of language and communication are based on socially available evidence and of the consequences of this for theories on knowledge and linguistic meaning.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willard_Van_Orman_Quine
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Scientific Evidence and Law
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科学的な証拠及び法律
科學證據和法律
Willard Van Orman Quine
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Recent Posts
- On Deontological Dialectic: My Written Submission January 7, 2016 Kuala lumpur
- 21/9/2015: www.mayashopperz.com – online home shopping at factory prices – free registration for Lifetime with umlimited products to upload
- MYR313,713,713,713.13 – August 13, 2014: WHEN MALICE DEFEATS IMMUNITY (THERE IS NO IMMUNITY WHEN IT HAPPENED TO MALICIOUS PROSECUTION, ABSENCE OF JURISDICTION WITH MISCONDUCT OF A MAGISTRATE) – Checkmate in 4 Moves – On The Golden Ratio of Spiral of Fibonacci; Artificial Intelligence + Neural Fuzzy + Emotional Intelligence = Almost Human; Genius Cannot Be Contained
- MYR313,713,713,713.13 – July 13, 2014: Endgame – On Chaotic Ratio – The Spiral of Fibonacci On The Avalanche of Chaotic Universe – The Cause of Avalanche is The Avalanche Itself – N-Person Game Theory – Lanchester Theory
- MYR313,713,713,713.13 – On Self-Agitated (Self-Perturbed) Prime Numbers of My Civil Suit Dated 6.3.2014 (March 6, 2014): Mohamad Izaham Bin Mohamed Yatim v Attorney-General (Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail) and Government of Malaysia plus Anors (Norina Zainol Abidin, Inspektor Siti Mazira Zakaria, Inspektor Mohd Razif Md Zahid, Mazelan Jamaluddin, Nurul Ashiqin Zulkifli, Nur Wahida Md Khairuddin and Zaki Asyraf Zubir). The Philosophy of Mathematics (Mother of All Sciences and Human Thoughts) vs The Philosophy of Law (The Jurisprudence / Scientia Juris (Juristic Theories)). This Civil Suit is About Such A Totally and Purely Malicious Prosecution Had Happened with Absence of All Jurisdiction That Crowning (On Top Of It) The Criminal Trial before “Super-Glamour-You-Magistrate” Zaki Asyraf Zubir. Method of Attack is Based On Deontological Dialectic Approaches (Used by Karl Marx, Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Sir Karl Popper and etc.) That Related To Logic and Its Philosophical Logic, Metaphysics and Epistemology of Being, Absence and Nothingness (Nihilism – The Mathematical Theory of Nothing vs Absence of All Jurisdiction), (The Philosophy of Null Set Theory vs The Nullity (Void) of Malaysian Federal Constitution): Socrates, Euclid of Alexandria, Plotinus, Plato, Aristotle, Augustine of Hippo, Thomas Aquinas, Avicenna (Ibnu Sina – Alī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Sīnā), Ibn Arabi (Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn al-ʿArabī al-Ḥātimī aṭ-Ṭāʾī ), Henry of Ghent, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham, Francisco Suárez, Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, Baruch Spinoza (born Benedito de Espinosa), Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, René Descartes, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, John Locke FRS, David Hume, Bertrand Arthur William Russell The 3rd Earl Russell, Willard Van Orman Quine, Paul Celan, Jacques Derrida, Jean-Paul Sartre, Alfred Thompson “Tom” Denning, Baron Denning OM PC DL QC, . Want of / Lack of / Absence of Scientific Laws (or Theories / Principles) and Evidence: Scientific Evidence – Scientific Testimonies – Expert Evidence – The Logic of Scientific Discoveries – The Metaphysics of Scientific Phenomena – The Epistemology of Scientific Observations (Empirical Observations / Scientific Methodology / Scientific (or Mathematical) Induction and Deduction: Euclid of Alexandria, Plato, Aristotle, Ibn Haytham – Alhazen (Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Haytham), Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Fārābī (al-Fārābī / Alpharabius), Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Algoritmi or Algaurizin – where the word “algorithm” basically came from), Abū al-Rayhān Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Bīrūnī, Abu Mūsā Jābir ibn Hayyān (Geber), Muhammad ibn Zakariyā Rāzī (Rhazes or Rasis), Roger Bacon O.F.M., The Bernoullis (The Bernoulli family), Sir Karl Popper, Jules Henri Poincaré, Charles Sanders Peirce, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann, Thomas Samuel Kuhn, Albert Einstein, Niels Henrik David Bohr, Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger, Ian Hacking CC FRSC FBA, Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov, Hilary Putnam, Pierre-Simon marquis de Laplace (Celestial Mechanics), Ernst Friedrich Ferdinand Zermelo, Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov, Andrey (Andrei) Andreyevich Markov, James Clerk Maxwell FRS FRSE, Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach, Bruce Schneier (The Shifu of Cryptography) – Rationalistic Theology, Skepticism, Logical Positivism, Legal Positivisim, Positivism, – Comte, (Isidore-) Auguste (-Marie-François-Xavier), Theology (a priori) ==> Rationalistic Theology ==> Metaphysical Theology ==> Metaphysics ==> Scientific Metaphysics ==> Scientific / Empirical Observations ==> Positivism ==> Logical Positivism ==> Legal Positivism ==> (Positivism vs Realism) ==> Logical Realism ==> Scientific / Legal Realism ==> “Absolute” Realism (a posteriori) – “Keadilan ialah Meletakkan Kebenaran di Tempat Yang Sepatutnya”.
- Prelude into The Greatness of Human Civilization; Mathematics is The Mother of All Sciences and Human Thoughts – Mathematics and Its Mathematical Logic Subdue (both) a priori and a posteriori Truths into the Manifestation of The Theory of Propositional Knowledge – Logic and Philosophical Logic, Metaphysics and Epistemology. Only The Real Pure Mathematicians Who Merely Subdue (both) a priori and a posteriori Truths (Absence of Jurisdiction and Absence of All Jurisdictions In The Sense of Evidential and Mathematical Proofs). Synthetic a priori Judgment vs Analytic Judgment; Synthetic Truth vs a posteriori – a priori Truth; Analytical Judgment vs. Synthetical Judgment; The Principle of All Analytical Judgments is The Law of Contradiction; Empirical Judgments are always Synthetical; Mathematical Judgment are All Syntheticals. The Supreme Principle of Law Was Rather Analytic Than That of Morals Is Synthetic (Thus, So-Called Jurisprudence / Scientia Juris (Juristic Theories)); Metaphysics of Ethics = (Metaphysical Elements of Laws + Metaphysical Elements of Morals) to constitute “The Fundamental” (or “Foundation”) between the Metaphysical Elements of Natural Philosophy (Physics or Cosmology or Scientific Knowledge (or Scientific Phenomena or Scientific (Empirical) Observations)) and Jurisprudence / Scientia Juris (The Science of Law), Positivism, Logical Positivism – “Keadilan ialah Meletakkan Kebenaran di Tempat Yang Sepatutnya”.
- CodeGenius V7.0.13 Neural Fuzzy of The Fuzziness: Jimmy Choronology In Da Middle… of Disco Party? – Hey! Jimmy In Da Club – Mere Zindagi Mere Hindustani = Jimmy… Jimmy… Jimmy… (Echoing), Aadja… Aadja… Aadja… (Echoing) – Zindagi Mera Gana…
- DECEMBER 12, 2012: 121212
- November 7, 2012: a priori (Laws) vs a posteriori (Empirical / Scientific Observations) = (Logic + Metaphysics + Epistemology) = Pure Mathematics; The Book of Universe Was Written in The Language of Mathematics
- August 13, 2012: On Golden Ratio – My Son – Abu Yusuf Abdullah Bin Mohamad Izaham was Born on August 13, 2005
- July 13, 2012: On Chaotic Ratio – We Are Preparing Our Civil Suit – Federal Constitutions as The Supreme Laws – On Absence of All Jurisdictions and Malicious Prosecution – Principle Governing Malicious Prosecution – Proofs (Mathematical and Evidential Proofs) – Want of Reasonable and Probable Cause – On Malicious Prosecution and Malice Itselves – Breach of and Inconsistent with Malaysian Federal Constitutions – Court of Judicature Act – Lack / Absence of Scientific Laws and Evidence – Scientific Evidence – Scientific Testimonies – Scientific Explanations – Expert Evidence – The Logic of Scientific Discoveries – The Metaphysics of Scientific Phenomena – The Epistemology of Scientific Observations (Empirical Observations) – Invasion of Privacy – Damages in Malicious Prosecution – Vicarious Liability – High Court Criminal Appeal 41- 21-2011 Against Magistrate Court Decision by Malicious and Misconduct of A Recalcitrant Magistrate and Prosecutions in Case : 2-83-7119-2009 – The Methods of Attack Will Be Based on Deontological Dialectic That Once Used By Immanuel Kant, W. F. Hegel, Sir Karl Popper and Previous Philosophers
- Anarchy, State and Utopia: On Chaotic Ratio – The State of The Art of Holy Jihad (The Prophet’s Way) vs Sun Tzu’s The Art of War – An Epistemological Analysis – From Tactical Guerilla Warfare (Asymmetric Warfare) Towards The Formation (Immobilization of Guerilla Forces) of An Islamic State – Philosophy of War vs Philosophy of Peace (vs Philosophy of The Transition State Between War and Peace)
- Planetary Alignment: Venus Conjunction – ? Mesoamerican Long Count calendar – 13th b’ak’tun – 21 December 2012 – 13 August 3113 BC
- We Generate Money Out of Chaos and Turbulence: Tsunami – Acheh 2012 Earthquake 8.9 Magnitude Off West Coast of Northern Sumatra – This is The Beginning of The End – The End Of Fibonacci Retracement of Acheh Tsunami – The Projectile Paths of The Seismic Causality Equations are Fractals (Self-Similarity On Any Scale of Time Frames) – Data Are Everywhere, The Main Issue is How Do We Interpret and Measure The Results of Its Significance (Statistically or Using Non-Linear Dynamics – Fractal Analysis – Chaos Theory?) – Every Earthquake Had Ever Happened on Earth Shows That The Harmonic Cycles Attained Out of Chaos and Turbulence at (Regardless) Any Time Frame of Reference (Self-Similarity – Fractal – It Happens On Every Celestial Object Within The Universe – Spacetime Continuum) – Self-Perturbed Fibonacci Generalized Equations (Canonical Equations) – Going Back to Pythagoras Who Arranged The Consecutive Notes (Musical Notes-Like) of Harmonic Series (On Each and Every Octave) That Based on Trajectory Movements of Celestial Objects Within The Existence of Our Universe – Prime Number Ratio – Golden Ratio In Fibonacci Sequence – Chaos is An Order But Without Periodicity (In Which, Periodicity Is Hidden (Disolved and Disappeared Within) From Within The Sequence of Gigantic Blocks of Self-Perturbed Prime Numbers and Golden Ratio) – Incomplete Information Theory – Euclid (Euclid of Alexandria – “Elements”), Leonhard Euler, Sir Isaac Newton, Pierre-Simon marquis de Laplace (Celestial Mechanics), The Riemann Hypothesis, Jules Henri Poincaré – Again, I was Born on July 13, 1972 – July is the 7th Month of Complete Cycle Gregorian Calendar – It Happened To Be When I Was Doing My Computational Analyses and Data Simulations between Earthquake and Forex, The Earthquake Data and the Non-Linear Behaviour of The Nature Towards the Space-Time Dimensions on Null Set Theory, My Birthdate Keep Appearing Quantumly and Popped-up Just About Everywhere Within the Data, Then I Figured Out and Postulated That Something About the Coming 13th Malaysian General Election (PRU13) to Elect 7th Prime Minister, I Correlated Among the Blocks of Prime Numbers from Riemann Hypothesis That Based on Null Set Theory and Thus I Found Those Below:
- We Are Preparing Our Civil Suit: Stage 2 – Appointed Prominent Lawyers to Initiate the Suit – We Generate Money Out of Chaos and Turbulence – Fibonacci Number Theory, Chaos Theory, Fractal Space, Fractal Time, Fractal Time Series, Fractal Dimensional Analysis, Fractal Market Analysis, An Introduction to the Fuzziness of Neural Fuzzy in Non-Linear Dynamics of Chaotic Systems (Phase Spaces) – From Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Ibnu Haytham, Ibnu Sina, Al-Farabi, al-Khwarizmi to David Hume, John Locke, Immanuel Kant, Bertrand Russell, and Sir Karl Popper – The Secret, That God Conceals His Secrecy Within The Gigantic (Very Huge) Blocks of Prime Numbers (Throughout The Universe), In Which, He “Encrypted” Every Single Bit of Information Clusters Acquired Just Anything About The Truth of Our Universe – Creatio Ex Nihilo – Null Set (Empty Set / { } / Ø) – The Null Set Theory (My Theory: It Is)
Top Posts
- Limitation of Immunity For Lower Court: [1895] 1 QB 668 ANDERSON v GORRIE AND OTHERS [COURT OF APPEAL] [1895] 1 QB 668 HEARING-DATES: 7 August 1894 7 August 1894
- My Written Submission On 4th November, 2010 (At the close of prosecution case for prima facie) - KES TANGKAP NO: 2-83-7119-2009: PP v MOHAMAD IZAHAM BIN MOHAMED YATIM
- Criminal Procedure - Inquiry into death - Duty of magistrate - Whether strict rules of evidence apply - Evidence Act 1950, s 122: RE LOH KAH KHENG (DECEASED) (NO 2) [1990] 2 MLJ 237 INQUIRY NO 98-96-87
- Invasion of Privacy: Maslinda bt Ishak v Mohd Tahir bin Osman & Ors [2009] 6 MLJ 826 CIVIL APPEAL NO W-01–156 OF 2008 COURT OF APPEAL (PUTRAJAYA)
- S93 Exclusion of Evidence To Explain or Amend Ambigious Document (Evidence Act 1950): MAJLIS PERBANDARAN SEBERANG PERAI V TROPILAND SDN BHD [1996] 3 MLJ 94 CIVIL APPEAL NO P 02-11-96 COURT OF APPEAL (KUALA LUMPUR)
- Invasion of Privacy: Lee Ewe Poh v Lim Teik Mau and Loh Guan Lye
- A Bad Judge: Maharaj v Attorney-General of Trinidad and Tobago (No 2) PRIVY COUNCIL [1979] AC 385, [1978] 2 All ER 670, [1978] 2 WLR 902
- We Are Preparing Our Civil Suit: Stage 2 - Appointed Prominent Lawyers to Initiate the Suit - We Generate Money Out of Chaos and Turbulence - Fibonacci Number Theory, Chaos Theory, Fractal Space, Fractal Time, Fractal Time Series, Fractal Dimensional Analysis, Fractal Market Analysis, An Introduction to the Fuzziness of Neural Fuzzy in Non-Linear Dynamics of Chaotic Systems (Phase Spaces) - From Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Ibnu Haytham, Ibnu Sina, Al-Farabi, al-Khwarizmi to David Hume, John Locke, Immanuel Kant, Bertrand Russell, and Sir Karl Popper - The Secret, That God Conceals His Secrecy Within The Gigantic (Very Huge) Blocks of Prime Numbers (Throughout The Universe), In Which, He "Encrypted" Every Single Bit of Information Clusters Acquired Just Anything About The Truth of Our Universe - Creatio Ex Nihilo - Null Set (Empty Set / { } / Ø) - The Null Set Theory (My Theory: It Is)
- Criminal law - Murder - Self-defence - Provocation - Evidence - Relationship evidence - Admissibility - Admissible on question of intent - Not admissible as propensity evidence - Expert evidence - Evidence that knife wounds were self-inflicted - Whether a matter for expert evidence - Whether witnesses qualified as experts - Evidence shown to have no proper foundation after being admitted - Trial judge's refusal to withdraw evidence from jury - Conflict in expert evidence - Jury must be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt of the correctness of the preferred evidence: R v ANDERSON, COURT OF APPEAL
- Breach of Natural Justice: ZULKIFLI HASHIM V. KETUA POLIS DAERAH BARAT DAYA BALIK PULAU, PULAU PINANG & 2 ORS & ANOTHER CASE
Recent Comments
- More on Evidence Tendered in Court But Not Marked As Exhibit Caselaw 1: PUBLIC PROSECUTOR v DATO’ BALWANT SINGH (NO 2) [2003] 3 MLJ 395 CRIMINAL TRIAL NO 45–33 OF 2002 HIGH COURT (KUALA LUMPUR) DECIDED-DATE-1: 23 JULY 2003 AUGUSTINE PAUL J
- Effective Coaching on A Bad Judge: Maharaj v Attorney-General of Trinidad and Tobago (No 2) PRIVY COUNCIL [1979] AC 385, [1978] 2 All ER 670, [1978] 2 WLR 902
- Google on Absence of All Jurisdiction: In Legal that Sublimes into the Cardinality of Being the Nothingness (Absence – Nihili) and Philosophy of Null Set Theory – Number 7 and 13 are The Prime Numbers for this case, number 7 and 13 were everywhere during the trial since then and I was born on July 13, 1972 (On Chaotic Ratio).
- Google on Police – Unlawful conduct – Action for damages – Compensatory damages – Malicious prosecution – Aggravated damages – Directions to be given to jury in respect of bad character – Whether jury’s award of damages one to which no jury could reasonably come: Manley v Metropolitan Police Commissioner COURT OF APPEAL (CIVIL DIVISION)
- Google on Penipuan Polis DiRaja Malaysia, Malicious Prosecution and Incompetency of Public Prosecutor: PUBLIC PROSECUTOR v CHUNG WAN LI HIGH COURT (KUCHING)
- Google on My Written Submission at the Close of Defence Case On 7th of February 2011: The First Magistrate in Malaya Courts Had Been Proved To Be “The Greatest Liar of All Times”, and Of Course The Malicious Deputy Public Prosecutor
- Google on Invasion of Privacy: Lee Ewe Poh v Lim Teik Mau and Loh Guan Lye
- Google on The Theory of Democracy: Prelude to The Foundation of Justice and Equality! (Global Lacunae) – onto the Realm of Radical Politics and Deontological Dialectic of Judicial Reasonings
- binary barrier option on Computer Printout – Data Through Human Mind: Castle v Cross QUEEN’S BENCH DIVISION [1985] 1 All ER 87, [1984] 1 WLR 1372, [1984] Crim LR 682, [1985] RTR 62
- Google on Local authority – Statutory duty – Breach of statutory duty – Careless performance of statutory duty – Exercise of statutory discretion – Justiciability of decisions involving policy matters – Application of principles of negligence – Whether fair, just and reasonable to impose duty of care. Negligence – Duty to take care – Existence of duty – Children – Local authority – Education authority – Duty owed in relation to welfare of children or children with special education needs – Whether local authority owing direct duty of care – Whether local authority vicariously liable for negligence of professional advice given by or on behalf of authority. Child – Welfare – Local authority – Local authorities’ statutory duties in relation to welfare of children – Local authorities failing to take plaintiff children into care – Children suffering ill-treatment and impairment of health – Whether children and parents affected by breach of statutory duty having right of action – Children and Young Persons Act 1969 – Child Care Act 1980 – Children Act 1989. Education – Local education authority – Statutory duty to provide special education – Breach – Right of action for damages – Local education authority failing to assess and provide for special educational needs – Plaintiff suffering consequent damage – Whether plaintiff entitled to bring private law claim for damages – Whether plaintiff limited to administrative channels for redress – Education Act 1944, s 8 – Education Act 1981, s 7. Action – Immunity from civil action – Witness – Expert witness – Extent of immunity from civil action – Psychiatrist interviewing child suspected of having been sexually abused at request of local authority -Whether psychiatrist entitled to immunity from action for negligence: X and others (minors) v Bedfordshire County Council;M (a minor) and another v Newham London Borough Council and others;E (a minor) v Dorset County Council;and other appeals; HOUSE OF LORDS, (United Kingdom)
- Google on Evidence – Expert evidence – Immunity from suit – Joint statement agreed by parties’ experts – Plaintiff’s expert revising original advice – Action compromised on plaintiff accepting payment into court – Plaintiff bringing action against expert for negligence and breach of duty – Whether expert immune from suit in respect of joint statement – Whether claim to be struck out – R.S.C., Ord. 38, r. 38: STANTON and Another v CALLAGHAN and Others (United Kingdom)
- energy Transition on Malicious Prosecution, Misconduct of Police, Practice – Pleadings – Striking out – Criminal proceedings against plaintiffs stayed as abuse of process – Action against police for damages for conspiracy to injure and misfeasance in public office – Amended statement of claim alleging fabrication of evidence – Whether police immune from suit – Whether amended statement of claim to be struck out: Darker and others v Chief Constable of the West Midlands Police (United Kingdom)
- Google on Action — Immunity from civil action — Privilege of witness in court of justice — Conspiracy — Alleged conspiracy to injure by false statements — Report to Director of Public Prosecutions — Evidence at inquiry by Benchers of Inn of Court — Evidence at criminal trial — No civil cause of action: MARRINAN v. VIBART AND ANOTHER. COURT OF APPEAL
- Google on My Written Submission On 4th November, 2010 (At the close of prosecution case for prima facie) – KES TANGKAP NO: 2-83-7119-2009: PP v MOHAMAD IZAHAM BIN MOHAMED YATIM
- Effective coaching on False imprisonment – Felony – Wrongful detention by private prosecutor – Subsequent formal arrest on suspicion by police constables – Reasonable ground for – Nominal damages Malicious prosecution – Charge of larceny – Absence of reasonable and probable cause – lndirect motive – Evidence of malice – Depositions of witnesses – Fresh caption daily – lndictable Offences Act 1848 (11 and 12 Vict c 42), s 17, sched form M.: Meering v Grahame-White Aviation Company Ltd COURT OF APPEAL
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